Synthetic / external control

• Swaminathan AC, Snyder LD, Hong H, Stevens SR, Long AS, Yanchenko E, Qiu Y, Liu R, Zhang H, Fischer A, Burns L, Wruck LM, Palmer SM (2023). External clinical trial and electronic health record control arms in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine. 208(5):579-588